新聞動態(tài)
利用注解 + 反射消除重復(fù)代碼
常見問題 發(fā)布者:ou3377 2021-12-14 09:01 訪問量:166
假設(shè)銀行提供了一些 API 接口,對參數(shù)的序列化有點特殊,不使用 JSON,而是需要我們把參數(shù)依次拼在一起構(gòu)成一個大字符串:
1)按照銀行提供的API文檔順序,將所有的參數(shù)構(gòu)成定長的數(shù)據(jù),并且拼接在一起作為一整個字符串
2)因為每一種參數(shù)都有固定長度,未達到長度需要進行填充處理
public class BankService {
//創(chuàng)建用戶方法
public static String createUser(String name, String identity, String mobile, int age) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
//字符串靠左,多余的地方填充_
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-10s", name).replace(' ', '_'));
//字符串靠左,多余的地方填充_
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-18s", identity).replace(' ', '_'));
//數(shù)字靠右,多余的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%05d", age));
//字符串靠左,多余的地方用_填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-11s", mobile).replace(' ', '_'));
//最后加上MD5作為簽名
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
return Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection/bank/createUser")
.bodyString(stringBuilder.toString(), ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
}
//支付方法
public static String pay(long userId, BigDecimal amount) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
//數(shù)字靠右,多余的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%020d", userId));
//金額向下舍入2位到分,以分為單位,作為數(shù)字靠右,多余的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%010d", amount.setScale(2, RoundingMode.DOWN).multiply(new BigDecimal("100")).longValue()));
//最后加上MD5作為簽名
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
return Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection/bank/pay")
.bodyString(stringBuilder.toString(), ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
}
}
這樣做能夠基本滿足需求,但是存在一些問題:
@Data
public class CreateUserAPI {
private String name;
private String identity;
private String mobile;
private int age;
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface BankAPI {
String desc() default "";
String url() default "";
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface BankAPIField {
int order() default -1;
int length() default -1;
String type() default "";
}
private static String remoteCall(AbstractAPI api) throws IOException {
//從BankAPI注解獲取請求地址
BankAPI bankAPI = api.getClass().getAnnotation(BankAPI.class);
bankAPI.url();
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
Arrays.stream(api.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) //獲得所有字段
.filter(field -> field.isAnnotationPresent(BankAPIField.class)) //查找標記了注解的字段
.sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(a -> a.getAnnotation(BankAPIField.class).order())) //根據(jù)注解中的order對字段排序
.peek(field -> field.setAccessible(true)) //設(shè)置可以訪問私有字段
.forEach(field -> {
//獲得注解
BankAPIField bankAPIField = field.getAnnotation(BankAPIField.class);
Object value = "";
try {
//反射獲取字段值
value = field.get(api);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//根據(jù)字段類型以正確的填充方式格式化字符串
switch (bankAPIField.type()) {
case "S": {
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-" + bankAPIField.length() + "s", value.toString()).replace(' ', '_'));
break;
}
case "N": {
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%" + bankAPIField.length() + "s", value.toString()).replace(' ', '0'));
break;
}
case "M": {
if (!(value instanceof BigDecimal))
throw new RuntimeException(String.format("{} 的 {} 必須是BigDecimal", api, field));
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%0" + bankAPIField.length() + "d", ((BigDecimal) value).setScale(2, RoundingMode.DOWN).multiply(new BigDecimal("100")).longValue()));
break;
}
default:
break;
}
});
//簽名邏輯
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
String param = stringBuilder.toString();
long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
//發(fā)請求
String result = Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection" + bankAPI.url())
.bodyString(param, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
log.info("調(diào)用銀行API {} url:{} 參數(shù):{} 耗時:{}ms", bankAPI.desc(), bankAPI.url(), param, System.currentTimeMillis() - begin);
return result;
}
通過反射來動態(tài)獲得class的信息,并在runtime的時候完成組裝過程。
這樣做的好處是開發(fā)的時候會方便直觀很多,然后將邏輯與細節(jié)隱藏起來,并且集中放到了一個方法當中,減少了重復(fù),以及維護當中bug的出現(xiàn)。
@BankAPI(url = "/bank/createUser", desc = "創(chuàng)建用戶接口")
@Data
public class CreateUserAPI extends AbstractAPI {
@BankAPIField(order = 1, type = "S", length = 10)
private String name;
@BankAPIField(order = 2, type = "S", length = 18)
private String identity;
@BankAPIField(order = 4, type = "S", length = 11) //注意這里的order需要按照API表格中的順序
private String mobile;
@BankAPIField(order = 3, type = "N", length = 5)
private int age;
}
@BankAPI(url = "/bank/pay", desc = "支付接口")
@Data
public class PayAPI extends AbstractAPI {
@BankAPIField(order = 1, type = "N", length = 20)
private long userId;
@BankAPIField(order = 2, type = "M", length = 10)
private BigDecimal amount;
}
關(guān)鍵字: 消除重復(fù)代碼
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